Pharmaceutical Product Development, Inc. (PPD), a contract research organization, provides drug discovery and development services, post-approval expertise, and compound partnering programs. The company operates in two segments: Discovery Sciences and Development. The Discovery Sciences segment offers various preclinical services, including preclinical program design, preclinical oncology research models, toxicology consulting, laboratory services, and technical writing and regulatory submissions; biomarker discovery and patient sample analysis; and compound collaboration programs. The Development segment provides a range of development services, including strategic product development solutions; Phase I clinical testing; laboratory services, such as testing services with customized results databases for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies engaged in clinical drug development, as well as government-funded studies; and Phases II-IV clinical trial management services primarily comprising study protocol and case report form design, site and investigator recruitment, patient enrollment and study feasibility, interactive voice and/or Web response systems, investigative product services, study monitoring and data collection, government services, data management and biostatistical analysis, medical writing and regulatory services, and post-approval services. The company also offers support services, such as product launch services, medical information, patient compliance programs, patient and disease registry programs, product safety and pharmacovigilance, Phase IV monitored studies, and prescription-to-over-the-counter programs. PPD's clients and partners include pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical device, academic, and government organizations. It operates in the Americas, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and the Asia Pacific. The company was founded in 1985 and is headquartered in Wilmington, North Carolina.