NeuStar, Inc. provides clearinghouse services to the communications industry in North America and internationally. It provides critical technology services that enable communication service providers to manage various technical and operating requirements, including addressing, interoperability, and infrastructure needs. The company’s addressing services comprise telephone number administration; telephone number pooling; Internet domain name services, such as ultra services, .BIZ and .U.S. domains, and registry gateway services; and U.S. common short codes. Its interoperability services include wireline and wireless number portability, and order management services. NeuStar’ infrastructure services comprise network management and connection services. The company also offers mobile instant messaging services. It serves Internet service providers, mobile network operators, cable television operators, and voice over Internet protocol service providers. The company was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Sterling, Virginia.